You might think that the warm air would lead to a higher pressure area, but actually the opposite is true. We review their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. D) wind force. B) North Pole strongest deflection ________ are elongated high pressure areas extending towards the poles and are associated with ________. ; The Coriolis force is the name for this force. Describe the surface wind direction and the winds aloft direction for the Northern Hemisphere on a This force is determined by the spatial pattern of atmospheric pressure at any given moment in time. Geology chapter 6 Flashcards | Quizlet the comparatively high pressure gradient in the area. Friction reduces the speed so Coriolis is weakened. The strongest winds in the solar system, however, belong to its outermost planet, Neptune. (t/f), A wind direction of 270 degrees means that the wind is blowing from the southeast. The balance of these two forces results in winds that are parallel to the isobars. It can dry your clothes in summer and chill you to the bone in winter. Which of the following areas is most likely to experience rain or other significant weather? d. centrifugal force. Figure 26. both wind speed and latitude, true or false: is stronger at the equator and deminishes as you move toward the poles, upper air winds: This is a high-pressure system. Figure 27. where A=0.15m,k=3.5m1A=0.15 \mathrm{~m}, k=3.5 \mathrm{~m}^{-1}A=0.15m,k=3.5m1, and =1.6s1\omega=1.6 \mathrm{~s}^{-1}=1.6s1. This illustrates the fact that: friction is present only close to the ground. During the winter, land cools more quickly than the ocean. Which of the following is not a mechanism to lift air to cause condensation, cloud formation, and potentially storms: a. colliding air masses - fronts b. orographic lifting c. convection d. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Ocean Currents and Climate - University of Southern California The site editor may also be contacted with questions or comments about this Open Educational Resource. The area over which tropical storm-force winds occur is even greater, ranging as far out . The overall strength of a circulation system is determined by: air would move directly from high to low pressure. pressure gradient force. The predominant summer wind direction is in favor of the batter. When representing wind direction numerically, winds from the north are associated with: Of the various elements of weather and climate, changes in air pressure are probably the most easily perceived by people. D) both wind speed and latitude, As seen by an observer on Earth, the Coriolis effect is an illusion; no deflection can actually be measured. This comes from the second law of thermodynamics that states higher energy states move toward lower energy states. Earth Science for Kids: Weather - Wind - Ducksters The area around the ITCZ is called the doldrums. Cyclone: air blows in towards the center with a clockwise rotation (S. Hemisphere) or a counter-clockwise rotation (N. Hemisphere). (t/f), During times of warmer temperature (summer), the atmospheric pressure is usually less. T/F:If you're cooking pasta for your big romantic date, you'd better allow a few extra minutes for it to cook once it comes to a boil if you're at a high altitude. Although sophisticated meteorological equipment was not available at that time, winds may have reached 320 kph (200 mph) as the hurricane hit Barbados and other islands in the Caribbean Sea. The converging surface wind pattern of a low causes rising motion. Identify the choice or choices above that represent(s) low pressure center(s). T/F:A wind direction of 270 degrees means that the wind is blowing from the southeast. Thats why steam coming off a pot of boiling water always goes upward. divergence both at the surface and aloft Do strangers sit next to each other when there are plenty of open seats? Their industrial economies, as well as their baseball teams, were fiercely competitive. Europe endured years of cold, damp summers and pink sunsets.Winds ability to move earth can erode the landscape. At what elevation will condensation begin inside the parcel? C) air compression. Neglecting friction, the speed and direction of the horizontal wind are determined by: temperature and humidity viscosity and turbulence C) travel from center of a low pressure system to center of a high pressure system The exposed surface of the plate has an absorptivity of 0.7 for solar radiation. 78) Theprimary forcewhich causes allwinds is: A) inertia force. starting the air motion, which of the influences the magnitude of the coriolis force: The sun warms up the air, but it does so unevenly. friction between the air and the ground Intro to Atmosphere exam 2 Flashcards | Quizlet The primary force which causes ALL winds is: A pressure gradient force. Precipitation occurs where moisture-laden air rises, either by heating at the equator or by running up and over a more dense air mass. Rising air undergoes adiabatic cooling, which assists in the formation of clouds. The scale has six categories that designate increasing damage. D) true. In both cases, pressure gradient force directs the wind directly perpendicular to the isobars, into the low pressure. Global Atmospheric Circulation Types, Three Cells Model Test 2 Flashcards | Chegg.com Team Lead: Maureen Feineman, Associate Professor, The Pennsylvania State University. The pressure gradient force is directed from higher to lower pressure: lines connecting points of equal air pressure. The primary force which causes all winds is: air would move directly from high to low pressure. C) pressure gradient force. As with all moving things, it is caused by a force acting on it. The rotation of the Earth and its uneven heating by the sun also contribute to the formation of high-altitude jet streams.These strong, fast winds in the upper atmosphere can blow 480 kph (298 mph). When representing wind direction numerically, winds from the north are associated with: T/F:Of the various elements of weather and climate, changes in air pressure are probably the most easily perceived by people. e. Coriolis effect. By Andy Kirmayer. graph b (circled inward, counterclockwise). She or he will best know the preferred format. The vertical component of the air motion is usually: divergence aloft and convergence at the surface. (t/f), Gradient winds follow a curved path. These are called geostrophic winds. Click here to download this video (1920x1080, 107 MB, video/mp4). It takes satellite imagery to see atmospheric motion and improve our ability to forecast weather. Hurricane Preparedness - Hazards After reading Chapter 4, you should be able to: If air pressure is reduced by one-half for every five-kilometer increase in altitude, what would be the air pressure at a height of 25 kilometers as a fraction of sea-level air pressure? C) true, but only near the poles The geostrophic wind concept is most like the real atmospheric winds: When geostrophic conditions exist in the atmosphere, the net force on the moving air is: The geostrophic wind describes a situation where the air moves: If you stand with your back to the wind, there is low pressure on your left and high pressure on the right. (t/f), Horizontal wind motion can help cause vertical air motion. Figure 23. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. This type of wind occurs when high-density cold air builds up at high elevations (on the ice sheets, for example) and moves downhill under the force of gravity. Wind is the movement of air caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun. This will give scientists new ways to keep an eye on wind. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Tornadoes can occur as waterspouts or landspouts, spinning from hundreds of meters in the air to connect the land or water with clouds above. 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Asias winter monsoons bring cool, dry air from the Himalaya mountains. (t/f), The most important force causing the wind is due to the earth's rotation. The air will be still one day, and the next, powerful gusts of wind can knock down trees. The best explanation for the cause of atmospheric pressure is: A) weight of the air above. (t/f), The speed of the wind at a place is primarily determined by the barometric pressure at that place. Britain had just become a Protestant nation. (t/f), Standard sea level atmospheric pressure in the U.S. is approximately 29.92 inches of mercury. On Earth, the main differences in air pressure are caused by differences in temperature. inertia force. 12 describes a hurricane, and 13-17 are reserved only for tropical typhoons, the most powerful and potentially destructive wind systems.An anemometer is a device for measuring wind speed. The larger the difference in air pressure, the stronger the winds. Some equatorial air masses return to the doldrums as trade winds, while others circulate in the other direction as westerlies. The primary forces are: 1. Because the sun hits different parts of the Earth at different angles, and because Earth has oceans, mountains, and other features, some places are warmer than others. Across the ocean, dust makes the sky hazy. The pressure-gradient force (PGF) is a vector which points from higher pressure to lower pressure while crossing isobars at a right angle. It is strong enough to carry sailing ships across the ocean and rip huge trees from the ground. The devastation and inconvenience led urban leaders to invest in the creation of the first subway system in the U.S., which opened in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1897. The intense pressure at the base of the glacier causes some of the ice to melt, forming a thin layer of subglacial water.