FCC Regulation of Broadcast Radio and Television, Commercial and Noncommercial Educational Stations, Applications to Build New Stations; Length of License Period, Public Participation in the Licensing Process, Criticism, Ridicule, and Humor Concerning Individuals, Groups, and Institutions, Political Broadcasting: Candidates for Public Office, Programming Inciting "Imminent Lawless Action", Obscene, Indecent, or Profane Programming, How to File an Obscenity, Indecency, or Profanity Complaint, Educational and Informational Programming, Apparatus Requirements for Emergency Information and Video Description, Business Practices, Advertising Rates, and Profits, Employment Discrimination and Equal Employment Opportunity ("EEO"), Underwriting Announcements on Noncommercial Educational Stations, How to Resolve Blanketing Interference Problems, Requirement to Maintain a Public Inspection File, Children's Television Programming Reports, Material Relating to an FCC Investigation or Complaint, Donor Lists for Non-Commercial Educational Channels ("NCEs"), Records Concerning Children's Programming Commercial Limits, Must-Carry or Retransmission Consent Elections, Class A TV Continuing Eligibility Documentation, Sponsorship Identification - Political Matter and Controversial Issues of Public Importance, Information on Third-Party Fundraising by NCE stations. Women were guaranteed the right to vote with the passage of the ______ Amendment in 1920. If you believe you are receiving blanketing or any other type of interference to broadcast reception, we encourage you to first communicate directly, in writing, with the licensee of the station that you believe is causing the interference. A. At the national level, NPR's total operating revenue in 2020 was $270.1 million, roughly the same as 2019. The FCC was created by Congress in the Communications Act for the purpose of regulating interstate and foreign commerce in communication by wire and radio so as to make available, so far as possible, to all the people of the United States, without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex, a rapid, efficient, Nation-wide, and world-wide wire and radio communications service . We urge you to make use of the resources contained on this site, which may outline more recent developments in the law not discussed in the current version of this Manual. beliefs and attitudes toward different issues, events, and people.
Television Broadcasting, History of | Encyclopedia.com Renewal Applications. By public service broadcasting, I mean a system that is nonprofit and noncommercial, supported by public funds, ultimately accountable in some legally defined way to the citizenry, aimed at providing a service to the entire population, and one which does not apply commercial principles as the primary means to determine its programming. The number of member organizations flagship educational and community organizations that operate at least one station stood at 254, down 4% from the previous year. The NPR News app, which offers livestreams from individual stations and digital content, increased sharply in completed sessions among iPhone users. Employment Discrimination and Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO). Broadcasting obscene content is prohibited by law at all times of the day. If a station airs a disclaimer before the broadcast that clearly characterizes the program as fiction and the disclaimer is presented in a reasonable manner under the circumstances, the program is presumed not to pose foreseeable public harm. Because you watch and listen to the stations that we license, you can be a valuable and effective advocate. Because the Commission cannot dictate to licensees what programming they air, each individual radio and TV station licensee generally has discretion to select what its station broadcasts and to otherwise determine how it can best serve its community of license. Additionally, certain navigation devices must make on-screen text menus and guides used for the display or selection of video programming audibly accessible to people who are blind or visually impaired. In addition, commercial stations must provide information identifying these programs to the publishers of program guides. Objectionable Programming. This Manual is published by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the federal agency directed by Congress to regulate broadcasting. Login . NPR also receives some direct funding from private donors, foundations, and from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. The legislation established the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), a private entity that is charged with facilitating programming diversity among public broadcasters, the development and expansion of non-commercial broadcasting, and providing funding to local stations to help them create programs; the CPB receives funding earmarked by the federal government as well as through public and private donations. Meaning of public broadcasting. Access to Emergency Information. Issues/Programs Lists Stations are not required to resolve interference complaints involving the following: For complaints from parties located within the stations blanketing contour involving non-mobile television or radio receivers, a station must resolve the interference complaint at no cost to the complaining party if the party notifies the station of the problem during the first year that the station operates its new or modified facilities. The Commission has determined that these childrens programming commercial limits apply to programs originally produced and broadcast for an audience of children 12 years old and under; and). E. Profits are removed as a market incentive when markets become efficient. This network which replaced the Ford Foundation-backed National Educational Radio Network is colloquially though inaccurately conflated with public radio as a whole, when in fact "public radio" includes many organizations. With the exception of a few secondary or tertiary stations in certain major and mid-sized cities that rely entirely on syndicated content from American Public Television and other distributors, the vast majority of public television stations in the U.S. are member outlets of PBS. Which media content is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission FCC )? PBS' incorporation coincided with the merger of NET's New York City station, Newark, New Jersey-licensed WNDT (which became WNET), into National Educational Television, the impetus of which was to continue receiving funding by Ford and the CPB. The FCC wants you to become involved.
The Commission often receives complaints concerning broadcast journalism, such as allegations that stations have aired inaccurate or one-sided news reports or comments, covered stories inadequately, or overly dramatized the events that they cover.
public broadcasting in the united states quizlet Soliciting Funds. Once the FCC grants the application, the permittee becomes a licensee, which authorizes the new licensee to operate for a stated period of time, up to eight years. An average person, applying contemporary community standards, must find that the material, as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest; The material must depict or describe, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically defined by applicable law; and. For additional information about the political rules, see https://www.fcc.gov/media/policy/political-programming. It may also include any additional community or communities, as long as it first names the community to which it is licensed by the FCC. Partly because of this belief, although it accounts for only a small fraction of government spending overall, some conservatives (including Presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush and Donald Trump, and former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich) have made various efforts to defund or privatize the Corporation for Public Broadcasting through federal budget legislation. Underwriting Announcements on Noncommercial Educational Stations We recommend that you contact the equipment manufacturer or the store where you purchased the equipment to attempt to resolve the interference problem. Submission of an audio or video tape, CD, DVD or other recording or transcript of the complained-of material is not required but is helpful, as is the specific name of the program, the on-air personality, song, or film, and the city and state in which the complainant saw or heard the broadcast. Donor Lists for Non-Commercial Educational Channels ("NCEs") FCC Regulation of Broadcast Radio and Television. NET's constant need for additional funding led the Ford Foundation to begin withdrawing its financial support of the network in 1966, shouldering much of the responsibility for providing revenue for NET onto its affiliated stations, prior to the foundation of the CPB, which intended to create its own public television service. (Licensees were formerly required to file an EEO mid-term report -- FCC Form 397 -- at the mid-point of the license term, but that requirement was eliminated in 2019. There is a very plausible argument that public service broadcasting (PSB), as an idea and a set of institutions, was one of the singular, great creations of the 20th century. It thus has a certain flexibility in a time of great change. Display of Internet Website Addresses. Closed Captioning. Individuals and groups can often resolve problems with stations at the local level. A complaint can also be filed with the FCCs Consumer Call Center at 1-888-CALL-FCC (1-888-225-5322, voice) or 1-888-TELL-FCC (1-888-835-5322, TTY). Lowest Unit Charge
Public broadcasting in the United States - Wikipedia This technology, which must be activated by parents, works in conjunction with a voluntary television rating system created and administered by the television industry and others. Information and translations of public broadcasting in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Indecent material is protected by the First Amendment, so its broadcast cannot constitutionally be prohibited at all times. Some stations also derive a portion of their funding from federal, state and local governments and government-funded colleges and universities, in addition to receiving free use of the public radio spectrum. Other Types of Applications. Of particular concern would be evidence of the direction to employees from station management to falsify the news. Phone: (202) 418-1600 If a radio station aired a personal attack against a candidate but refused to allow the same candidate the opportunity to respond to that attack on its station, the station would be in violation of the
Public Broadcasting Service | American organization | Britannica The records can be viewed in each stations online public inspection file on the Commissions website at https://publicfiles.fcc.gov. PBS and American Public Television (formerly Eastern Educational Television Network) distribute television programs to a nationwide system of independently owned and operated television stations (some having the term "PBS" in their branding) supported largely by state and federal governments as well as viewer support (including from pledge drives that many public television outlets carry for two- to three-week periods at least twice per year, at dates that vary depending on the station or regional network), with commercial underwriters donating to specific programs and receiving a short thanks for their contributions. Which U.S. president ushered in the tax revolt and the deregulation of many government policies in the 1980's? A PDF version of this document is available HERE. The purpose of this Manual is to provide you with the basic tools necessary to ensure that the stations that are licensed to serve you meet their obligations and provide high quality broadcast service. In recognition of the vital role that broadcasting plays in the electoral process, the Communications Act and the Commissions rules impose specific obligations on broadcasters regarding political advertising.
Obscene, Indecent and Profane Broadcasts | Federal Communications To assist us in this evaluative process, a station licensee must file a renewal application (FCC Form 303-S), to tell us whether: Digital Television. Children's Television Programming Reports The Supreme Court ruled in Shelley v. Kraemer (1948) that racially restrictive covenants on housing could not be enforced by courts.
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