[73], Dictatorships in Latin America persisted into the 20th century, and further military coups established new regimes, often in the name of nationalism. [25], One-party dictatorships are governments in which a single political party dominates politics. What countries are currently ruled by dictatorships? Poverty alleviation in these 10 dictatorship countries is in some cases associated with human rights abuses, violent crackdowns on the political opposition and indigenous people. Bettmann Archive / Getty Images. [144] Since the end of the Cold War, more dictatorships have established "semi-competitive" elections in which opposition is allowed to participate in elections but is not allowed to win, with approximately two-thirds of dictatorships permitting opposition candidates in 2018.
Dictatorship: What It Is, Types, Characteristics And Examples But for today, these are the world's dictatorships. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index has the main regime types of "democracy" and "dictatorship" and three sub-types for each as well. "Tyrants, the World's 20 Worst Living Dictators", by David Wallechinsky, ranked Biya together with three others mainly in sub-Saharan Africa: Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, and King Mswati of Swaziland. [10] Political scientist Juan Jos Linz identifies a spectrum of political systems with democracies and totalitarian regimes separated by authoritarian regimes with varied classifications of hybrid systems. Personalist dictators may be members of the military or leaders of a political party, but neither the military nor the party exercises power independently from the dictator. [34] When a one-party dictatorship develops gradually through legal means, in can result in conflict between the party organization and the state apparatus and civil service, as the party rules in parallel and increasingly appoints its own members to positions of power. [1]:68 The figures at the left show the results in 1988 and 2008. [123] The form of government does not correlate with the amount of economic growth, and dictatorships on average grow at the same rate as democracies, though dictatorships have been found to have larger fluctuations. [11], A dictatorship is formed when a specific group seizes power, with the composition of this group affecting how power is seized and how the eventual dictatorship will rule. Many others developed following a period of warlordism. Adolf Hitler - WORST DICTATOR. Although it is true that some dictators are far more strict and overbearing than others, as a rule, dictatorships tend to result in a loss of personal autonomy, quality of life, and political choice for everyday citizens. [107] The development of the internet and digital communication in the 21st century have prompted dictatorships to shift from traditional means of control to digital ones, including the use of artificial intelligence to analyze mass communications, internet censorship to restrict the flow of information, and troll farms to manipulate public opinion. [115], The Middle East and Northern Africa did not undergo liberalization during the third wave of democratisation, and most countries in this region remain dictatorships in the 21st century. United Arab Emirates 2.69/10. More complex economies require additional cooperation between the dictator and other groups. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index is seen as an example of the minimalist approach, whereas the Polity data series is more substantive. [97], The Middle East was decolonized during the Cold War, and many nationalist movements gained strength post-independence.
The worst communist dictators and the things they've done - thevintagenews However, many people in long-running dictatorships such as North Korea and Cameroon have never experienced anything else, so living in a dictatorship is much less jarring and shocking to them.
Dictatorship - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Nigeria - 1966 to 1975 - Yakubu Gowon. Organizations that maintain moral authority with the public, such as the Church, are often the most targeted by infiltration. Its purpose is to collect information, mobilize society, and induce compliance with the dictatorships directives. While common in the 20th century, the prominence of military dictatorships declined in the 1970s and 1980s. [107] Dictatorships are often recipients of foreign aid on the condition that they make advances toward democratization. He became the 22nd president of Liberia on August 2, 1997 and served until August 11, 2003. With a total area of 2,381,741 square kilometres, 90% of which is desert, Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Arab world and Africa and on the Mediterranean.
Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders - YouTube In Germany, the head of state is elected by regional legislatures and not popularly elected. If it is, then a further distinction is made between democracies where the head of state is popularly elected and those where the head of state is not popularly elected. Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the . [31], Personalist dictatorships are regimes in which all power lies in the hands of a single individual. Other countries with dictatorships and authoritarian rule, such as Cuba, Syria, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Belarus, could also be considered totalitarian governments. [2] The inner circle's support is necessary for a dictator's orders to be carried out, causing elites to serve as a check on the dictator's power. [8]:456, The second distinction made is whether the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term. [59] Shoguns were de facto military dictators in Japan beginning in 1185 and continuing for over six hundred years. 10. [8]:456.
Dictatorship - Definition, Examples, Cases, Processes - Legal Dictionary Key dictators from 20th century Latin America Dictatorship | Definition, Characteristics, Countries, & Facts | Britannica List Of Communist Countries Today - WorldAtlas The most oppressed countries in the world, mapped | indy100 | indy100 Fidel Castro was one of the most iconic latin american dictators, who lived in the 20th century. Nearly half of dictatorships start as a military coup, though others have been started by foreign intervention, elected officials ending competitive elections, insurgent takeovers, popular uprisings by citizens, or legal maneuvering by autocratic elites to take power within their government. Due to it, the countries went towards dictatorship. [74] The Bolsheviks consolidated power by 1922, forming the Soviet Union. Too Much Power. Totalitarianism is a form of autocracy in which the state has total control over its citizens. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world,[26] and one-party dictatorships have continued to expand more quickly than other forms of dictatorship in the latter half of the 20th century. [61] In Europe, the Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell, formed in 1649 after the Second English Civil War, has been described as a military dictatorship by its contemporary opponents and by some modern academics. [102] The stability of the Soviet Union weakened in the 1980s. Dictators typically retain their power by silencing any opposition to their rulings and guidelines. [126] In particular, censorship by dictatorships helps solidify claims of legitimacy and marginalize the voices of opposition critics. [127], Indoctrination is the inculcation of citizens on specific values and ideas beneficial to the dictatorships needs and desires. Venezuela has a presidential government.
List of Famous Dictators - Biographies, Timelines, Trivia & Life History [26] Ruling parties in one-party dictatorships are distinct from political parties that were created to serve a dictator in that the ruling party in a one-party dictatorship permeates every level of society. Types. This world dictators list has everyone from Adolf Hitler to Kim Jong Un to many lesser-known rulers. Elites in personalist dictatorships often do not have a professional political career and are unqualified for positions they are given. and "Which country has a dictatorship as its form of leadership?" What are the countries with a democracy government? Dictatorships have shallow levels of freedom. The group may be military or political, it may be organized or disorganized, and it may disproportionately represent a certain demographic. Kim Il-Sung The first leader of the North Korean dictatorship from 1948 until 1994, he established North Korea as a communist state. "[6], For a regime to be considered as a democracy by the DD scheme, it must meet the requirement of four rules below:[1]:69[3], Some regimes may meet the first three rules, but lack an alternation in power in its historical past; these regimes are classified as dictatorships because of cases where the incumbent only allows elections as long as they keep winning, and would refuse to step down if they lost. [1][8]:454 It is important to note that these names do not have to correspond to the official or colloquial titles of any of the countries offices. This is thanks to an oil boom that enriched his family at the expense of the Equatorial Guinea citizens. On average, they last twice as long as military dictatorships, but not as long as one-party dictatorships. [142] Dictatorships may influence the results of an election through electoral fraud, intimidation or bribing of candidates and voters, use of state resources such as media control, manipulation of electoral laws, restricting who may run as a candidate, or disenfranchising demographics that may oppose the dictatorship. [132] Foreign intervention takes place when another country seeks to topple a regime by invading the country or supporting the opposition. North Korea is one of the clearest examples of a totalitarian government. 1. [8]:454 The government composes the chief executive and the heads of the executive departments. Democracy-Dictatorship (DD), index of democracy and dictatorship or simply the DD index or the DD datasets was the binary measure of democracy and dictatorship first proposed by Adam Przeworski et al. He responded by ordering the confiscation of food, impossible farming yield quotas, banning private farming for substenance, and introducing internal passports and residency permits, which prevented villagers from seeking food elsewhere. Some of the most famous dictators in history include Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, and Saddam Hussein. When necessary, a dictator may also make an effort to replace or amend the nation's constitution to empower, enrich, or otherwise benefit the dictator and his/her allies to a greater degree. Mussolini abolished democracy in Italy in 1922 and became a dictator. Examples might include King Cyrus the Great of Persia, who is thought to have created the first declaration of human rights, the Biblical King Solomon, Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, and Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Kwan Yue. Exceptions to the pattern of poverty in dictatorships include oil-rich Middle Eastern dictatorships and the East Asian Tigers during their periods of dictatorship. The name a democracy gives itself or its office does not indicate what type of democracy it is. [60] During the L dynasty of Vietnam between the 16th and 18th centuries, the country was under de facto military rule by two rival military families: the Trnh lords in the north and the Nguyn lords in the south. Some have been in power for decades, such as President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial New Guinea. Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi C Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Costa Rica Cte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus In fact, you may devise any chart you like concerning politics or anything else and label left and right however you choose. Monarchies: 3. Dictatorships frequently hold elections in order to establish their legitimacy or provide incentives to members of the ruling party, but these elections are not competitive for the opposition. Click to visit dictatorship | Definition, Characteristics, Countries [28] Due to the structure of their leadership, one-party dictatorships are significantly less likely to face civil conflict, insurgency, or terrorism than other forms of dictatorship. Brion Donal Cinhil Urien Haldane, 25th king of Gwynedd, reigned 1095 to 1120. Economies based on natural resources allow dictators more power, as they can easily extract rents without strengthening or cooperating with other institutions. Nazi and fascist regimes in Europe, Communist single-party states, military juntas in Latin America and . Infiltration involves disseminating individuals loyal to the dictatorship and its ideals across civil society and local community elites. [126] Four strategies of political control commonly employed by dictatorships are repression, indoctrination, coercive distribution, and infiltration. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. Also called a dominant party dictatorship or one-party state. Hybrid dictatorships blend elements of the other four types. [146], In a dictatorship, violence is used to coerce or repress all opposition to the dictator's rule, and the strength of a dictatorship depends on its use of violence. Personalist dictatorships are more common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to less established institutions in the region. Equatorial Guinea. They are often characterized by their use of violence and repression to maintain power. Like the two individuals above, Imelda Marcos gained her power through being the wife of a military dictator.
Top 10 Worst Dictators In The World In 2023 - TopTen Famous President Vladimir Putin is currently serving his fourth term as President of Russia. Myanmar has been thrown into the darkness of the military dictatorship once again as this morning, the military junta arrested "The daughter of democracy" Aung San Suu Kyi and reinstated the military rule. The totalitarian dictatorship in the People's Republic of China , from 1949 to the present.
15 Countries with Dictatorships Today (Or on Their Way to Dictatorships [27] One-party rule also developed in several countries in Africa during decolonization in the 1960s and 1970s, some of which produced authoritarian regimes. [1], The dictator exercises broad power over the government and society, but other individuals are necessary to carry out the dictator's rule. Single-party dictatorships: 5. The head of state may be unelected and still be classified as a democracy.
What is a Dictatorship? Examples and Characteristics - Study.com ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. These individuals form an inner circle, making up a class of elites that hold a degree of power within the dictatorship and receive benefits in exchange for their support. They may be military officers, party members, or friends and family of the dictator. Examples of Fascism. Semi-competitive elections also have the effect of incentivizing members of the ruling party to provide better treatment of citizens so they will be chosen as party nominees due to their popularity. If you think that today's world is all about democracy, human rights, and freedoms, you live in a total illusion and you should definitely read our list of 15 countries with dictatorships today. It is the seventh largest country in Africa, and is bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean and Luanda is its capital city.
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